{"id":24940,"date":"2025-12-24T09:20:14","date_gmt":"2025-12-24T08:20:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valloni.ch\/2025\/12\/24\/case-note-cas-2025-a-11192-fc-des-girondins-de-bordeaux-v-real-sporting-de-gijon-sad-28-november-2025\/"},"modified":"2025-12-24T09:20:26","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T08:20:26","slug":"case-note-cas-2025-a-11192-fc-des-girondins-de-bordeaux-v-real-sporting-de-gijon-sad-28-november-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valloni.ch\/de\/2025\/12\/24\/case-note-cas-2025-a-11192-fc-des-girondins-de-bordeaux-v-real-sporting-de-gijon-sad-28-november-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"CASE NOTE: CAS 2025\/A\/11192 FC des Girondins de Bordeaux v. Real Sporting de Gij\u00f3n SAD 28 November 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n

The CAS (Court of Arbitration for Sport) award in\u00a0FC des Girondins de Bordeaux v. Real Sporting de Gij\u00f3n SAD<\/em>\u00a0(CAS 2025\/A\/11192, 28 November 2025) offers a particularly clear and methodical illustration of how procedural rigour governs the admissibility of appeals directed against decisions of the FIFA Football Tribunal formalised through the General Secretariat\u2019s confirmation-letter mechanism.<\/p>\n

The dispute arose from a transfer agreement concluded on 1 August 2023 for the permanent transfer of the player Pedro D\u00edaz Fanjul<\/em> from Real Sporting de Gij\u00f3n SAD<\/em> (Gij\u00f3n) to FC des Girondins de Bordeaux<\/em> (Bordeaux). Under the agreement, Bordeaux undertook to pay a total transfer fee of \u20ac2,250,000 (around Sw. Frs. 2,094,000) in three net instalments. Whilst the first instalment was duly paid, the second instalment of \u20ac800,000 (around Sw. Frs. 747,000),\u00a0 \u00a0due on 15 July 2024, remained outstanding. Following an unsuccessful payment reminder and a default notice, Gij\u00f3n initiated proceedings before the Players\u2019 Status Chamber of the FIFA Football Tribunal.<\/p>\n

On 24 January 2025, after the parties failed to contest a settlement proposal issued pursuant to Article 20 of the FIFA Procedural Rules, the FIFA General Secretariat formalised the proposal through a confirmation letter, thereby rendering a final and binding decision ordering Bordeaux to pay \u20ac1,500,000 (around Sw. Frs. 1,396,000), plus interest and a contractual penalty of \u20ac75,000 (around Sw. Frs. 69,840).<\/p>\n

On 17 February 2025, Bordeaux lodged an appeal before CAS. The central issue before the Sole Arbitrator was, therefore, whether the appeal had been lodged within the twenty-one-day time limit prescribed by Article 50.1 of the FIFA Statutes, having regard to the date and modalities of notification via the FIFA Legal Portal.<\/p>\n

On this point, the parties adopted sharply divergent positions. Bordeaux maintained that it had encountered technical difficulties in accessing the FIFA Legal Portal and had only received effective notification of the decision on 5 February 2025, such that the appeal was timely. Gij\u00f3n, by contrast, argued that notification occurred upon upload of the decision to the portal on 24 January 2025, rendering the appeal manifestly out of time.<\/p>\n

Beyond this procedural disagreement, the parties\u2019 submissions also revealed a deeper substantive tension\u2014between the Appellant\u2019s reliance on French domestic insolvency proceedings as a source of legal impossibility and the Respondent\u2019s invocation of\u00a0pacta sunt servanda<\/em>. The Sole Arbitrator, however, deliberately confined the analysis to the admissibility of the appeal, leaving that tension unresolved and reaffirming the primacy of procedural discipline as a guarantee of legal certainty.<\/p>\n

Whilst the award is procedurally dense, the present Post does not seek to offer an exhaustive account of its reasoning. Rather, it focuses on\u00a0five key procedural aspects which, taken together, merit particular attention\u00a0for their practical significance.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. The Legal Framework for Computing Time Limits<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The award treats admissibility as a\u00a0threshold issue<\/strong>\u00a0conditioning the Sole Arbitrator\u2019s jurisdiction to examine the merits of the dispute (para 132). Relying primarily on\u00a0Article 50.1 of the FIFA Statutes<\/strong>, which imposes a strict twenty-one-day time limit for appeals against final FIFA decisions and complemented by\u00a0Article R49 of the CAS Code of Sports-related Arbitration (CAS Code)<\/strong>, the Sole Arbitrator confirmed that compliance with procedural deadlines constitutes a mandatory prerequisite to appellate review.<\/p>\n

    Reflecting a civil-law inspired formal approach, the reasoning is structured around the classical distinction between the dies a quo <\/em>\u2014the date on which the appeal period begins to run\u2014and the\u00a0dies ad quem<\/em>,\u00a0marking the final day for valid submission of the Statement of Appeal\u00a0(para. 133).<\/p>\n

    To determine how the twenty-one-day appeal period is to be calculated, the Sole Arbitrator characterises the issue as one of admissibility\u2014more precisely, of actionability\u2014thus triggering the application of Article R58 of the CAS Code. In accordance with Article 49.2 of the FIFA Statutes, the method for calculating the time limit must, therefore, be determined primarily by reference to the applicable FIFA Regulations, and only subsidiarily by Swiss law.<\/p>\n

    Whilst emphasising that Article R32 of the CAS Code lays down general rules of considerable importance for time limits fixed by the CAS, the Sole Arbitrator recalled that the present case concerns the calculation of an appeal deadline established by a sports federation, and not by CAS itself. In such circumstances, the applicable method must be determined within the regulatory framework of the federation concerned\u2014in this case, the FIFA Regulations\u2014supplemented, where appropriate, by Swiss law (para. 138).<\/p>\n

    Within this framework, decisive weight was accorded to Article 11.1 of the FIFA Procedural Rules, which provides that the appeal period begins to run on the day following receipt of the decision, without excluding weekends or non-working days. This interpretation is further supported by Article 77 of the Swiss Code of Obligations, legal doctrine, and consistent CAS jurisprudence, confirming that no normative conflict arises and that the relevant rules converge towards a uniform method of calculation (paras. 139\u2013142).<\/p>\n

    On the basis of this convergent framework, the rules governing the computation of the appeal deadline may be summarised as follows:<\/p>\n

    (i)\u00a0as a matter of principle<\/strong>, the time limit starts on the day following receipt of the decision (dies a quo<\/em>);
    \n(ii)\u00a0the calculation then runs continuously<\/strong>, including weekends and non-working days; and
    \n(iii)\u00a0by way of exception<\/strong>, postponement applies only where the final day (dies ad quem<\/em>) falls on an official holiday or non-working day at the place where the appeal is to be filed.<\/p>\n

    Applying these principles to the present case, the\u00a0dies a quo<\/em>\u00a0was fixed on\u00a025 January 2025<\/strong>, with the\u00a0dies ad quem<\/em>\u00a0falling on\u00a014 February 2025<\/strong>. As Bordeaux lodged its Statement of Appeal on\u00a017 February 2025<\/strong>, the appeal was declared\u00a0out of time<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Notification and the \u201cSphere of Influence\u201d (Dies a Quo)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      This aspect of the award turns on the determination of when a decision is deemed to have been \u201creceived\u201d for the purposes of triggering the appeal period, in circumstances where notification is effected through the FIFA Legal Portal.<\/p>\n

      Having clarified the applicable rules governing the calculation of the appeal deadline, the Sole Arbitrator turned to the decisive issue of\u00a0when the Appealed Decision must be deemed to have been validly notified<\/strong>, as this determines the\u00a0dies a quo<\/em>\u00a0of the appeal period (para. 143).<\/p>\n

      Consistent with settled CAS jurisprudence and Swiss Federal Tribunal case law, the award recalls that the relevant point in time is\u00a0receipt of the decision<\/strong>, not the addressee\u2019s actual knowledge of its content (CAS 2004\/A\/574; CAS 2006\/A\/1153, para. 10; SFT 4A_89\/2011) (para. 147).<\/p>\n

      In this respect, the concept of \u201creceipt\u201d is assessed on the basis of two cumulative requirements\u00a0(para. 149): first, the decision must have entered the addressee\u2019s\u00a0sphere of influence<\/em>; second, it must be reasonable, under the circumstances, to expect the addressee to take note of it (CAS 2019\/A\/6253, para. 82). Importantly, \u201cactual knowledge\u201d is not required.<\/p>\n

      Applying this standard, the Sole Arbitrator rejected the Appellant\u2019s argument that notification occurred only on 5 February 2025 and concluded that the upload of the Appealed Decision to the FIFA Legal Portal on\u00a024 January 2025\u00a0constituted valid notification. Consequently, the\u00a0dies a quo<\/em>\u00a0was fixed on\u00a025 January 2025, the day following receipt, pursuant to\u00a0Article 11.1 of the FIFA Procedural Rules\u00a0(para. 160).<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. The\u00a0Dies ad Quem<\/em>and the Automatic Preclusive Effect of Late Appeals<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Once the\u00a0dies a quo<\/em>\u00a0had been established, the Sole Arbitrator proceeded to determine the final day for filing the Statement of Appeal. Given that the computation of the time limit includes weekends and non-working days, the appeal deadline expired on\u00a0Friday, 14 February 2025 (paras. 161\u2013162).<\/p>\n

        In determining the\u00a0dies ad quem<\/em>, the Sole Arbitrator drew a clear distinction between the\u00a0automatic postponement of a deadline<\/strong>\u00a0and any form of\u00a0extension<\/strong>, the latter being expressly prohibited. Whilst Article 11.3 of the FIFA Procedural Rules\u2014mirroring Article R32 of the CAS Code\u2014allows the deadline to be carried over to the next working day where the final day coincides with an official public holiday or a non-working day at the Appellant\u2019s domicile, no such circumstance was established in the present case (para 162).<\/p>\n

        The award further recalled that the appeal time limit cannot be extended under any circumstances, as Article R32 of the CAS Code expressly excludes any judicial discretion in this respect (para. 165).<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Burden of Proof and Alleged Technical Impediments<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          The Appellant argued that it was unable to access the Appealed Decision until 5 February 2025 due to confusion between two sets of access credentials and an alleged inability to view certain files. The Sole Arbitrator found that this argument failed at the level of proof.<\/p>\n

          The award adopted a strict allocation of the burden of proof. Whilst notification is presumed effective once a decision is uploaded to the FIFA Legal Portal, that presumption may be rebutted only if the Appellant demonstrates that it was genuinely prevented, for reasons beyond its control, from accessing the Portal and thus from becoming aware of the decision.<\/p>\n

          Applying this standard, the Sole Arbitrator concluded that the Appellant failed to discharge its burden. The alleged access difficulties concerned an unrelated FIFA matter and did not establish any objective impediment in the present proceedings (paras. 154\u2013160). The award thus makes clear that allegations of technical impediments are not sufficient in themselves.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. The FIFA Legal Portal as a Vector of Procedural Certainty<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Beyond the evidentiary outcome of the case, the award sheds light on the status of the FIFA Legal Portal within the procedural architecture of football disputes. The Portal is not treated as a mere technical interface, but as a legally operative channel of communication endowed with normative effect.<\/p>\n

            Pursuant to FIFA Circular 1842 of 6 April 2023, the use of the FIFA Legal Portal has been mandatory for clubs since 1 May 2023, with an express obligation to consult it on a daily basis. This requirement is reflected in Article 10 of the FIFA Procedural Rules, which designates the Portal as a valid and sufficient means of communication for the purpose of establishing procedural time limits (paras. 152\u2013153). The Sole Arbitrator treated these obligations as strict and enforceable, reflecting a deliberate regulatory choice to anchor procedural certainty in digital communication.<\/p>\n

            Once a decision is uploaded to the FIFA Legal Portal, it is deemed to have entered the addressee\u2019s sphere of influence, thereby triggering the relevant time limits irrespective of whether the message was actually opened or acknowledged. The procedural risk associated with non-consultation is thus expressly borne by the club.<\/p>\n

            At the same time, the award acknowledged that the presumption of notification is not irrebuttable. Exceptional circumstances beyond a club\u2019s control may, in principle, displace it. However, such circumstances must be credibly demonstrated, in line with the regulatory logic that ties the commencement of time limits to the receipt of the communication, rather than to actual awareness of its content (para. 154).<\/p>\n

            By articulating these principles, the award confirms that technological formalism has become an integral component of the procedural\u00a0framework\u00a0governing football disputes. Clubs are, therefore, expected to adapt their internal organisation accordingly, failing which they will bear the resulting procedural consequences.<\/p>\n

            Conclusion <\/strong><\/p>\n

            The\u00a0FC Bordeaux v. Sporting de Gij\u00f3n<\/em>\u00a0CAS award offers an instructive clarification of procedural formalism in CAS appeals. Its doctrinal value lies not in the substantive fate of the transfer dispute, but in its systematic articulation of how admissibility, notification, evidentiary burdens, and digital communication rules interact within the\u00a0lex sportiva<\/em>.<\/p>\n

            By affirming the binding force of the FIFA Legal Portal and maintaining a rigorous standard of procedural diligence, the award promotes predictability, transparency, and consistency\u2014values essential to the credibility of international sports arbitration.<\/p>\n

            Notably, as mentioned, the Sole Arbitrator did not address the potential impact of the French\u00a0redressement judiciaire<\/em>\u00a0(judicial recovery) proceedings on the enforceability of the underlying debt. Whilst the Appellant invoked domestic insolvency constraints as a potential bar to performance, the reasoning was confined strictly to the admissibility of the appeal, without engaging with the interaction between national insolvency law, FIFA regulatory framework, and the enforcement phase of sporting decisions. That question, therefore, remains open within the evolving landscape of international sports arbitration.<\/p>\n

            We act in CAS Appeals and further information is available from Dr Estelle Ivanova and Dr Lucien Valloni by e-mailing them at ivanova@valloni.ch<\/a> and valloni@valloni.ch<\/a> respectively.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Introduction The CAS (Court of Arbitration for Sport) award in\u00a0FC des Girondins de Bordeaux v. Real Sporting de Gij\u00f3n SAD\u00a0(CAS 2025\/A\/11192, 28 November 2025) offers a particularly clear and methodical illustration of how procedural rigour governs the admissibility of appeals directed against decisions of the…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[503],"class_list":["post-24940","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news-de","tag-sportslaw-cas-sportsarbitration-fifa-procedurallaw-valloni"],"yoast_head":"\nCASE NOTE: CAS 2025\/A\/11192 FC des Girondins de Bordeaux v. 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